Salt Water Energy
Can Seawater Solve Our Water Woes?
Most of the earth is covered by water, yet more than a third of the global population experiences periodic shortages of the kind used for drinking and agriculture. So why not convert seawater into tap water?
Desalinization of ocean water has been a dream and goal of scientists for decades, but the project takes on more urgency as the fast-growing world population's water needs outstrip supply. The technology is developing, but not without costs.
Menachem Elimelech, director of the environmental engineering program at Yale University, who co-authored a new Science Magazine review of desalination technology, spoke to the NewsHour about the progress and drawbacks of these tools. Read excerpts from our conversation below:
NewsHour: Where does the world's fresh water supply stand at this point?
Elimelech: We face a global water shortage. There is plenty of water, but unfortunately it is either in glaciers or seawater, so the fraction, the amount of [fresh] water available for people is relatively very low. About 10 or 15 years ago the supply of water was adequate to meet the world population's needs but the world's population has increased dramatically.
In some countries like in sub-Saharan Africa and other developing countries they hardly have any water. So for some places it's very acute and these are water-scarce countries. Many countries are what is called water-stressed; even in the U.S., Arizona and California are water-stressed states. So this is why people talk about water as the next oil.
NewsHour: How widely is desalination of seawater used currently?
Elimelech: Sea water desalination has been used for many, many years in the Gulf countries, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Kuwait. And they were using the older technology called thermal desalinization in which you boil the water, condense it and get [potable] water but it uses a lot, a lot of energy. You need to burn a lot of oil or electricity to do this. They have been using it for many years because they have no other source of water.
Recently, several countries went into ambitious plans to build desalination plants. Israel, they just are finishing the fifth desalination plant along the Mediterranean. Each desalination plant, which uses the new reverse osmosis technology, is huge. They will be producing in Israel 500 million cubic meters per year, and 1 cubic meter is 1,000 liters, so just imagine how much. For them, there was no choice because they were already reusing all the waste water and the only way to provide water for people in agriculture was through seawater desalinization.
Salt Water Energy - News
Last December, before he began his job in the state government, Newsom talked about his intention to promote state policies that would encourage ocean power development. Developing equipment that can withstand corrosive salt water and the tumult of the
Also we use a lot of chemicals to clean the membranes to pre-treat, and you add them all to this stream of this concentrated salt water, and then you dump it back into the ocean. So if you dump into the ocean a very concentrated solution with salt and
Carson Hood Jr. is spill prevention team coordinator for the Energy Department. Also in the Mandaree area in recent days, about 12000 to 15000 barrels of saltwater spilled at a well site, Whitman said. He said the spill, reported Tuesday, was caused by
"Building on our proven technology, this investment will fund the development of next-generation, modular solutions that enhance the cost competitiveness of solar, such as molten salt storage technology. We welcome Mr. Browning to our board as a
The heavily insulated tank admits concentrated sunlight through a narrow opening at its top, and would feature a movable horizontal plate to separate the heated salt on top from the colder salt below. Water in the tank then heats up and drives the
Install Energy Efficient Pool Heater In Your Swimming Pool
Swimming pool is a nice place to play and bath. Many people make swimming pools in their bathroom and private lawns. Swimming pools are also equally important for commercial places. Large Restaurants, hotels and atheletic stadiums also have swimming pools of attractive designs.
A swimming pool is comprised of several pool equipments and pool accessories. The pool products include pool guard, pool net, pool chairs, tables, pool heater.
The pool heater is an electrical appliance for warming the pool water. Pool heaters are useful during the cold season as during this period, the water of swimming pools become cold. Swimming in cold water will definitely be an unpleasant experience for anyone. A water heater warms the pool water to the desired level. All pool heaters have regulators for increasing or decreasing the heating level.
Water heaters are available in multiple shades, designs and capacities. You sbould decide which heater to purchase. Large sized swim playgrounds require high capacity heater. Swimming pool inside a home garden or backyard does not occupy much space. Therefore, these pools do not require large heaters for warming the water. Swimming pool heaters can be operated with many energy sources such as gas, electricity, solar energy and propaine.
Gas ignition devices are quite popular for private places. However before buying this equipment for your private garden or lawn, you should ensure that you will get uninterrupted supply of natural gas at your doorstep. Propaine water warmers are run with Propaine gas. The gas and propaine heaters are highly fuel efficient devices. Propain or natural gas run heaters are less expensive. Gas based ignition devices are capable of heating large quantity of water.
Another source of mechanical energy is electricity. Electricity is available at towns, cities and villages. Electrical appliances are easy to operate. However unlike gas ignition system, electric ignition devices are not capable of heating a large pool water. Due to shortage of electricity and fuel supply, stress is now laid on developing equipments that can be operated with alternative energy sources. In this process, new equipments are developed that are run by non conventional sources of energy. Solar energy is a popular source of non renewable energy. Solar water heaters are becoming quite popular among the people. Solar water heaters can be conveniently installed in a swimming pool. However, pool should be located in a place for receiving direct sunlight throughout the year. Electric water heaters do not require that much maintenance as the solar and gas water heaters.
ATETV Episode 18: Wind Energy Technology; From Salt Water to Drinking Water
ATETV Episode 18: Wind Energy Technology; From Salt Water to Drinking Water 
Govt should build renewable energy powered water purification plants around coast. Creates jobs, take pressure off river system, salt
ATETV Episode 18: Wind Energy Technology; From Salt Water to Drinking Water
ATETV Episode 18: Wind Energy Technology; From Salt Water to Drinking Water Salt Water Energy - Bookshelf
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